Recently reported by horsetalk.co.nz, new research has uncovered that stables reeking of urine are not only unpleasant, but they are harming the lungs of horses.

A British research project has confirmed that stabling horses results in increased exposure to environmental ammonia. That ammonia is associated with respiratory problems.

The presence of ammonia in stables, which is caused by the decomposition of horse urine and dung, has long been a concern of horse owners and yard managers. But there has been little scientific research to back up the link between respiratory problems and ammonia.

However, research that received funding from The Horse Trust has found that stabling, regardless of bedding or forage types, results in increased levels of environmental ammonia and respiratory inflammation.

The research, led by Professor Sandy Love at the University of Glasgow, studied eight yearling Welsh Mountain ponies, who were alternatively housed and grazed repeatedly for periods of three weeks.

Three times each week, a variety of substances were monitored, including dust, endotoxin and ammonia within the environment, and the level of various gases and pH of the horse’s exhaled breath.

The forage and bedding within the stables were varied to test whether this had any impact on the pony or the stable environment.

Love found that the stabling of horses resulted in increased exposure to environmental ammonia and that this was associated with an increase in the pH of the horse’s exhaled breath.

Under the study conditions, no significant differences were found in ammonia levels under the different grazing and stabling conditions.

Love was also able to confirm earlier research, that stabled horses are exposed to dust and endotoxins.

“Horse owners have long worried about the ammonia smell in stables, but there has been little scientific evidence to back this up,” Love said.

“These findings confirm that ammonia is linked to poor respiratory health, although further research is needed to confirm whether and how ammonia causes respiratory problems,” Love added.

To lower the levels of ammonia in your horses stalls and increase overall horse health, read 4 Indoor Horse Health Tips – and consider the purchase of an ammonia odor absorbent and odor blocking product such as the Stall Genie system.

Living inside a stall can be harmful to the health of horses due to ammonia, which can build up into high concentrations causing respiratory infections, allergies, and heaves which are frequently seen in young foals who lie close to the stall floor.

In the summer you may choose to keep your horse indoors for show preparation, or not having the space available to turn the horse out. In winter the climate in most states is cold enough to where most people likely have their horses inside a tightly sealed barn – if this is the case then you need to be aware of the ammonia health risk your horses face.

One of the more stressful things done to our horse’s respiratory tract is to keep them in a barn with the doors shut. Horses spend a lot of time with their head on the floor close to harmful ammonia. Ammonia is a very toxic compound to lung tissue. Ten parts per million (ppm), the level where you can just detect an ammonia smell, is already toxic, and at 30 ppm your eyes will water. In one study, men working a 40-hour week in 11 ppm of ammonia developed ulcers in their lungs. Air circulation studies in English barns point to increased ammonia and dust as significant factors in the development of allergic lung disease such as heaves in horses and foals.

Sometimes it is hard for horse owners to realize the level of harmful ammonia in a stall, because they do not get down to the horse’s level and smell the ground, especially after a horse has spent 12 or 15 hours in the stall. If you walk into your barn in the morning and can smell ammonia there is a severe problem, and in those barns I see a much higher instance of respiratory disease. However, many barns have an ammonia problem and the owner does not know it, because the humans that inhabit the barn have become accustomed to the smell. Ask a friend who has no horses if they can smell ammonia in your barn after it has been closed up all night. Believe their answer; theirs will be the most objective opinion.

4 Indoor Horse Health Tips

Tip 1: During the winter when your barn is most likely sealed up – and likewise during the summer, be sure to open doors and windows periodically to let sunlight in and air the stalls out.

Tip 2: Try to avoid the use of blowers in the barn, they kick up an amazing amount of dust further putting stress on your horses lungs. Try a good old-fashioned broom, unless the horses are out of the barn.

Tip 3: If you are not using an ammonia odor absorbent like Stall Genie, then try to clean the wet spots in your stalls each day; allowing these wet spots to build up, then cleaning the stall once a week increases the ammonia at nose level for the horse, even though you may not smell it when inside the stall. However, using an ammonia absorbent and odor control product such as Stall Genie can lessen the need to clean stalls daily.

Tip 4: Most straw or horse bedding is not very absorbent, and will allow the build up of ammonia and moisture housing parasite populations; use an ammonia absorbent and odor blocker system such as Stall Genie Granules and Stall Zyme sprayer to help eliminate harmful ammonia odor and the diseases that accompany the exposure to ammonia in horse stalls.

Letting your horses out to exercise and breathe fresh air, even in the winter can vastly improve their overall health; however, for when they are kept inside the stall, following these 4 tips can greatly reduce harmful ammonia exposure and increase the horses overall health, resulting in less veterinarian bills for horse owners, and happier, healthier horses that perform at their peak.